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A care provider may tell you not to get pregnant if you have a complex congenital heart defect.īefore becoming pregnant, talk to your health care provider about the possible risks and complications. It may be possible to have a successful pregnancy with mild congenital heart disease. Heart failure (congestive heart failure) means the heart can't pump enough blood to meet the body's needs.Īdult congenital heart disease and pregnancy This eventually causes the heart muscle to weaken and sometimes to fail. Some congenital heart defects send more blood to the lungs, causing pressure to build. High blood pressure in the lung arteries (pulmonary hypertension).A congenital heart defect can allow a blood clot to pass through the heart and travel to the brain, where it reduces or blocks blood supply. Healthy gums and teeth reduce the risk that bacteria will enter the bloodstream. If you are at high risk of endocarditis, your care provider may recommend taking antibiotics one hour before dental cleanings. Untreated, this infection can damage or destroy the heart valves or cause a stroke. Bacteria or other germs can enter the bloodstream and move to the inner lining of the heart (endocardium). Scar tissue in the heart from previous surgeries can contribute to this complication. In some people, severe arrhythmias may cause stroke or sudden cardiac death if not treated. Faulty heart signaling causes the heart to beat too fast, too slowly or irregularly. Complications may occur years after a congenital heart defect is treated.Ĭomplications of congenital heart disease in adults include: Smoking during pregnancy increases the risk of congenital heart defects in the baby.Ĭongenital heart disease can contribute to other health concerns later in life. Drinking alcohol while pregnant has been linked to an increased risk of heart defects in the baby. Always tell your health care provider about the medications you take. Medications linked to heart defects include lithium for bipolar disorder and isotretinoin (Claravis, Myorisan, others), which is used to treat acne. Taking certain medications while pregnant can cause congenital heart disease and other birth defects. Gestational diabetes generally doesn't increase the risk of congenital heart disease. Having type 1 or type 2 diabetes during pregnancy also may affect a baby's heart development. Having rubella during pregnancy may affect how the baby's heart develops while in the womb. Genetic testing can detect Down syndrome and some other genetic conditions while a baby is still in the mother's womb. For instance, children with Down syndrome often have congenital heart defects. It's associated with many genetic syndromes. Congenital heart disease appears to run in families (inherited). Risk factorsĬertain environmental and genetic risk factors might play a role in the development of congenital heart disease, including: The left side of the heart then pumps the blood through the aorta and out to the rest of the body.Ĭongenital heart disease can affect any of these heart structures, including the arteries, valves, chambers and the wall of tissue that separates the chambers (septum).In the lungs, blood picks up oxygen and then returns to the left side of your heart through the pulmonary veins.The right side of the heart moves blood to the lungs through blood vessels (pulmonary arteries).The heart is divided into chambers - two upper chambers (atria) and two lower chambers (ventricles).To understand congenital heart disease, it helps to know how the heart typically works. Some congenital heart diseases are passed down through families (inherited). Researchers aren't sure what causes most types of congenital heart disease. The heart valves, which keep blood flowing in the right direction, are gates at the chamber openings. The lower chambers, the more muscular right and left ventricles, pump blood out of the heart. The upper chambers, the right and left atria, receive incoming blood. If you have signs or symptoms of congenital heart disease or were treated for a congenital heart defect as a child, make an appointment to see your health care provider.Ī typical heart has two upper and two lower chambers. If you're having worrisome symptoms, such as chest pain or shortness of breath, seek emergency medical attention. Swelling of body tissue or organs (edema).Feeling tired very quickly with activity.Blue skin, lips and fingernails (cyanosis).Symptoms may return years after a congenital heart defect is treated.Ĭommon congenital heart disease symptoms in adults include:

Total anomalous pulmonary venous return (TAPVR)įor some people, signs or symptoms of congenital heart disease aren't noticed until adulthood.Pulmonary atresia with ventricular septal defect.Pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum.Partial anomalous pulmonary venous return.

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